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Vol. 68, No. 2 (Winter 2024-25)

These and These

Joseph H. Prouser

There is a tree

500 years long1

80 times ’round the sun

Is nearly a ’round its trunk

Poets, playwrights

Have vaulted its boughs

Sages and seers swooned

To its balsam scent2

Mystics marked its paths

In hushed tones

Over candle-lit tomes.

 

But there is another tree3

So very close to it

Some say that they were entangled4

Like lovers in embrace

Winged lions cradling the vibrations of a holy event5

Until a mud-man,6 meant to be so much more,7

Cut the cord,8

With a knife’s precision,9

And the dark spark,10

And the King’s Crown,11

And the Queen12

No longer

Could bathe

At will

In the primordial waters.13

 

There is a people14

Who,

Holding the first tree,

Walking the central beam15

Bring Him nearer to

His Beloved.16

 

There is a stream17

Who flows between These and These,18

Living Waters19

And this stream turns this way and that20

Like an Egyptian prince

Who became a

Shepherd,

A prophet,

A God21

Yet in the end became a mother,22

Standing between the clefts of the rock23

As brother stood between the living and the dead24

Gathering us between his breasts25

Between the paths of fire and ice.26

 

There is a road

Called progress

And it is paved with good intentions

The diaries of dissidents

And bodies.

 

There is a serpent

And some say a bull

Biting its own tail27

Ready-made by human will28

 

You see, the earthling

They bite again and again

And as they masticate

And master

And machinate,

subjugate,

Each a Pharaonic despot

Entombed within their mediated experience.

 

Bearers of Sinai29

Know

That tree30 was never

Meant to be bitten,

Or taken

But woven

Her highest boughs only a shadow of the Supernal root,

The Tree,31

Or roof32

That Hillel

And Levinas,33

And Berlin,34

Climbed.

Sometimes called Liberty35

Sometimes the Face36

At others “thirst for words of the living God”37

Words that dance like coals of fire38

Or sparks from the hammer’s blow,39

Like billions of cosmic seeds implanted within us that whisper “Where are you”?40

“Here I am”41

“Go”42

“I will go.”43

Like fragile shattered tablets,44

Made firm by human hands,45

Propping up arms,46

Prevailing.

 

There is a hole in the world,

A widening gyre,47

That knows only one tree,48

And feeds it birds that tweet

And a human clock that chimes

And tocks

And ticks

Built from shards of mirrors

And echoes,

And silos.

 

There is an ever-turning-fiery-sword49

Before the garden gate,

A firestone in our hands50 and a knife in our hearts51

Burning wood upon our children’s backs.52

 

But I don’t know whether that sword53 was a blade or a plowshare,54

Or the winged lions were predating or embracing,55

If Israel was a lover or a wrestler56

Whether you are my brother or my enemy.

 

But I will balance on the central beam,57

On the knife’s edge

In the meeting of the Face for service and not violence,58

In the movement of freedom from toward freedom to

In the nexus of right and left

Supernal and terrestrial

Give and take59

These and These

Mercy and Rigor

Yes and…

I will listen from trees

And rooftops

And through the voices of children,

And artists,

And teachers,

The great messy, glorious, and terrible, teeming mass of life

I take hold of the branches.

Will you join me?

Rabbi Cantor Michael McCloskey of Temple Emeth, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, is a passionate teacher of Torah in many contexts, including at the Academy for Jewish Religion in New York and Hebrew College in Newton, Massachusetts. A pianist, composer, and poet, his article, “Fathers, Mothers, Lovers, Monsters: The Golem in the Age of A.I.,” was published in the most recent issue of AJS Perspectives.


    1 Genesis Rabbah 15:6. All texts cited here can be found at Sefaria.org.

    2 Zohar, Introduction 12:109

    3 This is a reference to the tree of the knowledge of good and evil in Genesis 2:9.

    4 See, e.g., Shaarei Orah: Fifth Gate, Sixth Sefirah, 251 and Radak on Genesis 2:9.

    5 Exodus 25:22

    6 This word captures the link between adam (“human”) and adamah (“humus, rich soil”) in Genesis 2:7 and also refers to the creaiton of humankind by Prometheus.

    7 Humans are meant to be divine avatars on earth (see Genesis 1:27). Like the primordial light and the Sabbath, humans are of this world, yet there is something of the unconditional, or the world beyond, within them.

    8 According to the mystical interpretations of Genesis, the primordial human, Adam, “cut the shoots” (i.e., separated or severed the two trees from one another), thus disconnecting the foundation of life from knowledge. Thereafter, the human being’s voracious appetite is for knowledge in order to wield it as power, not necessarily for improving or protecting life. See Shaarei Orah: Fifth Gate, Sixth Sefirah 251.

    9 One might also understand this according to Richard L. Rubenstein, After Auschwitz: Radical Theology and Contemporary Judaism (Bobbs-Merrill, 1966), who suggested that “the thread uniting God and man, heaven and earth, has been broken” after the Shoah.

    10 Zohar Bereshit 1:15a

    11 The ideal flow of the divine organism is from Keter (Crown), the highest emanation of divinity, which is totally without any forces or influence of judgements or severity, all the way to Shekhinah (Immanent). When we cut off the tree of knowledge from life, we cut ourselves off from the full range of divine effulgence.

    12 Shekhinah/Malkhut

    13 Shekhinah, which represents the “lower waters,” becomes dry when separated from her male source in the “upper waters,” which are identified with the sefirah of Hesed (Lovingkindness) and flow to Shekhinah from her mate, Tiferet (Beauty or Balance).

    14 ʿAm Yisraʾel

    15 Tiferet/The Holy Blessed One

    16 Malkhut/Shekhinah

    17 Masorti-Conservative Judaism

    18 A reference both to “these and these are words of the living God” (eilu veʾeilu divrei elohim ḥayyim hein, b. Eruvin 14b) and to the sefirot on the right and the left, taking from both and providing a sense of balance, just as the Bat Qol noted that the words of both the academy of Hillel and the academy of Shammai were vital.

    19 Jeremiah 2:13

    20 Exodus 2:12

    21 Exodus 4:16

    22 Numbers 11:12; see also Isaiah 49.

    23 Exodus 33:22

    24 This is a reference to Aaron; see Numbers 17:13.

    25 Aaron and Moses are also compared in midrashic literature (see Song of Songs Rabbah 4:5:1) to two breasts. The one “gathering us between his breasts” could be Moses or a reference to the divine.

    26 See Tosefta Hagigah Lieberman 2:5 with regard to ascending and descending safely like Akiva from holy encounters. The goal is not to be too overcome with one’s emotions or zeal and not too distant or stoic, but moderate, attuned to and curious about all sides.

    27 This is a reference to the cosmic rending and separation from higher levels of divine flow that happened both with the eating of the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil and the construction of the golden calf; See Zohar: Introduction 4:15. It also refers to the Ouroboros, the serpentine symbol of eternal destruction and rebirth that we witness in the world of time.

    28 The calf is made by Aaron and according to the will of some of the Israelites. The snake, in the garden of Eden, could very well be a projection of human desire for knowledge for mastery and power.

    29 “The people of Israel are the Merkavah,” i.e., a chariot for the divine throne and a moveable Sinai, bringing the experience and memory of revelation with them; see Perush Ramban: Introduction to Exodus (Sefaria.org).

    30 This is a refefence to the tree of knowledge.

    31 The tree of life is connected to “words of the living God” and “these and these”; i.e., it conveys the idea of pluralism.

    32 See b. Yoma 35b, where Hillel climbs to the roof in order to listen to words of the “living God,” paralleling the tree of life.

    33 Levinas’s pluralism entails choosing moral courage and moving toward another in an act of service rather than an act of violence, when they come into our sphere, potentially threatening us by their “alterity,” by which he means their unique perspective, ethos, or needs. He calls this response “The Face of God in the Person”; see Emanuel Levinas, Time and the Other, trans. Richard A. Cohen (Duquesne University Press, 1987).

    34 Levinas and Isaiah Berlin were also champions of pluralism. Thus, we read the following in Isaiah Berlin, “Two Concepts of Liberty,” in Four Essays on Liberty (Oxford University Press, 1969), https://cactus.utahtech.edu/green/B_Readings/I_Berlin%20Two%20Concpets%20of%20Liberty.pdf: “Pluralism, with the measure of ‘negative’ liberty that it entails, seems to me a truer and more humane ideal than the goals of those who seek in the great disciplined, authoritarian structures the ideal of ‘positive’ self mastery by classes or peoples or the whole of mankind. It is truer because it does, at least, recognize the fact that human goals are many, not all of them commensurable, and in perpetual rivalry with one another. To assume that all values can be graded on one scale so that it is a mere matter of inspection to determine the highest seems to me to falsify our knowledge that men are free agents, to represent moral decision as an operation which a slide rule could, in principle, perform. In the end, men choose between ultimate values; they choose as they do, because their life and thought are determined by fundamental moral categories and concepts that are, at any rate, over large stretches of time and space, a part of their being and thought and sense of their own identity; part of what makes them human.”

    35 The balance of positive and negative liberties that Berlin describes enables a culture of pluralism.

    36 This is a reference to Levinas’s “Face.” Note that the divine emanations or sefirot are also sometimes grouped into partstufim or faces upon the tree of life.

    37 Psalm 42:3

    38 Ezekiel 1:13. Fire is a symbol of the unconditional. One may revel in its radiance, its warmth, but it is wild and resists control, the monolithic.

    39 b. Sanhedrin 34a

    40 Genesis 3:9

    41 Genesis 22:2, 7 and Exodus 3:4

    42 Genesis 12:1

    43 Genesis 24:58

    44 Exodus 32:19

    45 The second set of tablets according to Exodus 34:27–28 are written by human hands, intimating greater human agency and investment.

    46 Exodus 17:12

    47 See “The Second Coming” by William Butler Yeats.

    48 This is a reference to the tree of knowledge.

    49 Genesis 3:24

    50 Genesis 22:6–7

    51 This is from Hayim Gouri’s poem “Yerusha/Heritage.”

    52 Genesis 22:6

    53 This is a reference to“the ever-turning fiery sword” guarding the way to the tree of life in Genesis 4:24.

    54 Isaiah 2:4

    55 Exodus 25:20 and b. Bava Batra 99a

    56 Genesis 32:25

    57 Qav haʾemtsai, which can refer both to Tiferet, the “central beam” of Kabbalah (which is, incidentally, associated with Jacob) and the shevil hazahav, or “golden mean,” of Maimonides.

    58 See “Levinas on the Face,” Philosophy Overload, YouTube.com, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CdFL_odCVdI.

    59 This is a reference to massaʾ umatan, which is essential to the flow of rabbinic discourse.